Evaluation of public policies on the distribution of liquid fuels in Latin America: A systematic review
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Abstract
The present study is based on a systematic review of the scientific literature on public policies that regulate the distribution of liquid fuels in Latin America, identifying and analyzing 17 articles published between 2012 and 2025 in recognized academic databases, the results show that the region faces structural limitations derived from fragmented regulatory frameworks, low environmental oversight and poor institutional articulation, which compromises energy efficiency and makes it difficult to meet climate goals. Likewise, the strong dependence on international crude oil and derivatives markets is confirmed, generating vulnerability to external shocks. However, strategic opportunities are identified in the incorporation of emerging technologies such as advanced biofuels, green hydrogen and third generation biorefineries, whose adoption requires tax incentives, investment in infrastructure and an active role of the State. In conclusion, the research provides critical evidence to strengthen regional energy governance and guide public policies towards a more just, resilient and sustainable future
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